E340i - Phosphate monopotassique

Origin

Monopotassium phosphate (MKP), also known as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, is an inorganic salt formed by the reaction of potassium hydroxide with phosphoric acid. It is a colorless or white crystalline solid, highly soluble in water. Production typically involves neutralizing phosphoric acid with a potassium source under controlled conditions to ensure the formation of the monopotassium salt.

Usage

In the food industry, monopotassium phosphate serves multiple functions. It is used as a buffering agent to maintain pH levels, preventing excessive acidity or alkalinity in food products. It acts as a sequestrant, binding to metal ions and preventing them from causing undesirable reactions such as discoloration or off-flavors. It also functions as a nutrient supplement, providing essential minerals. Common applications include processed cheeses, baked goods, powdered beverages, and meat products. Furthermore, it is employed in fertilizers and as a fire retardant.

Side Effects

Monopotassium phosphate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory bodies like the FDA when used according to good manufacturing practices. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 'not specified', meaning that, based on available data, the intake of phosphates from food is not considered a health concern at levels necessary to achieve the desired technological effect. However, excessive consumption of phosphates from various sources could potentially disrupt calcium-phosphorus balance, especially in individuals with kidney dysfunction. Therefore, moderation in consumption is advised. No significant side effects have been reported at typical usage levels in food.

Regulatory Status

Monopotassium phosphate (E340i) is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the United States, the European Union, and Canada. Regulations specify maximum permitted levels in certain food categories to ensure safety and efficacy. In the EU, it falls under the general provisions for phosphate salts and is subject to purity criteria outlined in relevant directives. The FDA includes it in its list of substances generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for direct addition to food.