偶氮玉红

Origin

Azorubine, also known as Carmoisine, is a synthetic azo dye. It is derived from petroleum and is produced through a chemical process involving aromatic amines and sulfonic acids. It appears as a red to maroon powder or granules.

Usage

Azorubine is used as a food coloring agent to impart a red color to various food products. It is commonly found in sweets, confectionery, bakery products, desserts, soft drinks, and some processed foods. It is also used in certain alcoholic beverages. Beyond food, it can be found in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals as a coloring agent. The Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is 0-4 mg/kg body weight per day.

Side Effects

Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to Azorubine, particularly those with aspirin sensitivity or asthma. These reactions can manifest as skin rashes, itching, or respiratory problems. There has been some debate and research regarding a potential link between artificial food colorings, including Azorubine, and hyperactivity in children, although the evidence remains inconclusive. Regulatory bodies like EFSA have conducted thorough reviews and continue to monitor the safety of Azorubine. Products containing Azorubine in the EU require a warning label stating that the color "may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children".

Regulatory Status

Azorubine is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union (EU) and several other countries. However, its use is restricted or banned in some regions, such as the United States, where it is not approved for use in food. In the EU, it is subject to specific purity criteria and labeling requirements to ensure consumer safety.