E905b - Petrolatum

Origin

Petroleum jelly, also known as petrolatum, is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons (with carbon numbers mainly higher than 25), originally promoted as a topical ointment for its healing properties. It is obtained from petroleum by dewaxing heavy lubricating oil stocks. The process involves distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrotreating to remove undesirable components and impurities. The resulting substance is a purified mixture of mineral oils and waxes.

Usage

In the food industry, petroleum jelly (food grade) can be used as a release agent, protective coating, lubricant, and defoamer. It is used on baking pans to prevent sticking, as a protective coating for fruits and vegetables to extend shelf life, and as a component of chewing gum base. It is also used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries in a wide range of products, including lotions, creams, and ointments. The FDA regulates its use in direct contact with food.

Side Effects

Food-grade petroleum jelly is generally considered safe for its intended uses. The FDA permits its use as a direct food additive under specific conditions. However, concerns exist regarding the potential for contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the manufacturing process. Highly refined petroleum jelly is considered to have minimal risk. No ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) has been established, as it is used within Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Excessive ingestion is not recommended, though, and may cause digestive upset. Impurities can be carcinogenic, but food-grade petroleum jelly is highly purified to minimize this risk.

Regulatory Status

Petroleum jelly is regulated by various bodies worldwide. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) permits its use as a direct food additive under 21 CFR 172.880, specifying purity requirements. In the European Union, it is permitted under specific conditions and must meet purity criteria. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated its safety and established specifications for its use in food contact materials. Regulations ensure that the petroleum jelly used in food-related applications is highly refined and free from harmful contaminants.