E335i - Monosodium tartrate

Origin

Monosodium tartrate is a salt of tartaric acid, a naturally occurring organic acid found in many plants, particularly grapes. It is produced commercially by partial neutralization of tartaric acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. Tartaric acid is a byproduct of the wine industry, being deposited as a sediment during fermentation. The 'i' suffix in E335i distinguishes it from other tartrate salts like disodium tartrate (E335ii).

Usage

Monosodium tartrate is primarily used as an acidity regulator, antioxidant synergist, and emulsifier in food products. It can also function as a buffering agent, maintaining a stable pH in various applications. Its uses include baked goods, processed fruits and vegetables, beverages, and confectionery. It is often found in products where controlling acidity and preventing discoloration are important. In the pharmaceutical industry, it can be used as a component in effervescent tablets.

Side Effects

Monosodium tartrate is generally considered safe for consumption at levels typically used in food. Tartrates are naturally present in many fruits and vegetables. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has not established a numerical Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 'not specified' for tartaric acid and its salts, which indicates a low level of concern regarding toxicity at normal consumption levels. However, excessive consumption of tartrates may have a laxative effect in some individuals. There are no significant concerns regarding carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, or reproductive toxicity at levels used in food. Individuals with kidney problems should exercise caution, as tartrates are excreted through the kidneys.

Regulatory Status

Monosodium tartrate (E335i) is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union (EU) and is listed in Annex II of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on food additives. It is also permitted for use in food in many other countries, including the United States, where it is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. The regulatory status reflects the consensus that it poses minimal risk to human health when used appropriately.