E650 - Zinc acetate

Origin

Zinc acetate is a zinc salt of acetic acid. It can be produced by reacting zinc oxide or zinc carbonate with acetic acid. It exists as a dihydrate, Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O. It is a colorless, crystalline solid with a slightly acetic odor. It is soluble in water and alcohol.

Usage

In the food industry, zinc acetate can be used as a source of zinc, an essential mineral. It is sometimes added to foods and beverages to fortify them with zinc. It is also used as a preservative and flavoring agent. Medically, zinc acetate is used in lozenges to reduce the duration and severity of common cold symptoms. It is also used to treat zinc deficiency. It can also be found in some topical applications.

Side Effects

Zinc acetate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practice. Excessive intake of zinc can lead to adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea. Long-term excessive zinc intake can interfere with copper absorption, potentially leading to copper deficiency. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has not established a specific Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for zinc acetate as a food additive, but zinc itself has established tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) which should be considered. Individuals with Wilson's disease (a genetic disorder that prevents the body from removing excess copper) should exercise caution when consuming zinc supplements or foods fortified with zinc.

Regulatory Status

Zinc acetate is permitted for use as a food additive in some countries, subject to specific regulations regarding its concentration and application. In the United States, zinc acetate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use as a nutrient supplement. The European Union permits the use of zinc acetate in food supplements. Regulations vary by country, so it's essential to consult local food safety authorities for specific guidelines.