辣椒红

Origin

Paprika extract (E160c) is a natural food coloring derived from the dried fruits of *Capsicum annuum* (paprika peppers). The extraction process typically involves the use of solvents to isolate the oleoresin, which contains the carotenoid pigments responsible for the color. The main coloring compounds are capsanthin and capsorubin, along with other carotenoids. The extract is then purified and standardized to achieve a consistent color intensity.

Usage

Paprika extract is used to impart a red to orange-red color in a wide variety of food products. It is commonly found in processed foods such as sausages, sauces, snack foods, seasonings, and baked goods. It is also used in animal feed to enhance the color of egg yolks and poultry skin. The extract is valued for its stability to heat and light, making it suitable for applications where other natural colorants may degrade. The concentration used varies depending on the desired color intensity and the specific application. It is often used as a natural alternative to synthetic food colorings.

Side Effects

Paprika extract is generally considered safe for consumption. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 0-2 mg/kg body weight for paprika extract. Allergic reactions to paprika are rare but possible, especially in individuals with known allergies to other members of the *Solanaceae* family (e.g., tomatoes, peppers, eggplant). High doses of carotenoids may theoretically lead to carotenodermia (yellowing of the skin), but this is unlikely with typical consumption levels of paprika extract in foods.

Regulatory Status

Paprika extract (E160c) is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union (EU) and the United States. In the EU, it is regulated under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on food additives. In the United States, it is considered a color additive and is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under 21 CFR Part 73. It must meet specific purity criteria and be used in accordance with good manufacturing practices.