E392 - Extracts of rosemary

Origin

Extracts of rosemary (E392) are natural antioxidants derived from the rosemary plant (Rosmarinus officinalis). The extraction process typically involves using solvents such as ethanol, acetone, or supercritical carbon dioxide to isolate the active antioxidant compounds from the dried rosemary leaves. The resulting extract is then purified and standardized to contain specific levels of carnosic acid, carnosol, rosmarinic acid, and other phenolic diterpenes, which are responsible for its antioxidant properties.

Usage

E392 is primarily used as a natural antioxidant in food products to prevent or delay oxidation, which can lead to rancidity, discoloration, and off-flavors. It is commonly added to oils, fats, meat products, processed foods, and baked goods to extend their shelf life and maintain their quality. Rosemary extract can also be used in cosmetics and dietary supplements due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The typical usage levels in food range from 20 to 200 ppm, depending on the application and the desired level of antioxidant protection. It's also used in animal feed.

Side Effects

Rosemary extract is generally considered safe for human consumption. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated the safety of rosemary extracts and concluded that they do not pose a significant health risk at the levels typically used in food. No ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) has been specifically established, indicating a high margin of safety. However, as with any food additive, some individuals may experience allergic reactions or sensitivities to rosemary extract, although such occurrences are rare. High doses might cause gastrointestinal discomfort in sensitive individuals.

Regulatory Status

E392 is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union (EU) under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008. It is also permitted in many other countries, including the United States, where it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The specific regulations and permitted uses may vary depending on the country and the food product.