E540 - Dicalcium diphosphate

Origin

Dicalcium diphosphate, also known as calcium pyrophosphate, is an inorganic compound. It is synthesized chemically from calcium salts and phosphoric acid or phosphates. It is a white, odorless powder and is relatively insoluble in water.

Usage

Dicalcium diphosphate is used in food as a buffering agent, dough conditioner, nutrient supplement, and sequestrant. It is commonly found in baked goods, cereals, and processed foods. It helps to control the pH of food products, improve the texture of dough, and prevent discoloration. It can also be used as an abrasive in toothpastes. The typical usage levels vary depending on the application, but are generally within the range of 0.1% to 1% by weight.

Side Effects

Dicalcium diphosphate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. Excessive consumption of phosphates can potentially lead to imbalances in calcium and phosphorus levels in the body, which could affect bone health, particularly in individuals with kidney problems. However, the levels used in food applications are not considered to pose a significant risk to the general population. No ADI has been specifically established, but phosphate intake is regulated indirectly through overall dietary guidelines.

Regulatory Status

Dicalcium diphosphate is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the United States, the European Union, and Canada. It is subject to regulations regarding its purity and usage levels. In the EU, it is designated as E540. The FDA considers it GRAS under specific conditions of use.