E450iv - Dikaliumdihydrogendiphosphat

Origin

Dipotassium dihydrogenpyrophosphate, also known as potassium acid pyrophosphate, is an inorganic salt derived from pyrophosphoric acid. It is produced by neutralizing pyrophosphoric acid with potassium hydroxide. It is a synthetic food additive.

Usage

Dipotassium dihydrogenpyrophosphate functions as a buffering agent, a leavening agent, a dispersing agent, and a sequestrant in food products. As a buffering agent, it helps to maintain a stable pH, preventing undesirable changes in acidity or alkalinity. As a leavening agent, it reacts with baking soda to release carbon dioxide, which helps baked goods rise. It also helps to disperse ingredients evenly throughout a mixture and can bind to metal ions, preventing them from reacting with other components in the food. It is commonly used in baked goods, processed meats, and dairy products.

Side Effects

Dipotassium dihydrogenpyrophosphate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. Excessive consumption of phosphates, in general, may disrupt calcium metabolism and potentially lead to adverse effects, particularly in individuals with kidney dysfunction. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has established a group ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) of 0-70 mg/kg body weight for total dietary phosphorus intake from all sources, including phosphates. However, typical usage levels in food are not expected to pose a significant risk to the general population.

Regulatory Status

Dipotassium dihydrogenpyrophosphate is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the United States, the European Union, and Canada. It is subject to regulations regarding its purity, identity, and use levels in specific food applications. In the EU, it is designated as E450(iv).