E101a - 5'-Phosphat Natriumsalz der Riboflavin

Origin

Riboflavin-5'-phosphate, also known as flavin mononucleotide (FMN), is a derivative of riboflavin (vitamin B2). It is produced by phosphorylation of riboflavin, often using chemical or enzymatic methods. While riboflavin itself can be extracted from natural sources like yeast, milk, and green leafy vegetables, FMN is typically synthesized for commercial use to ensure purity and stability. The synthesis involves reacting riboflavin with a phosphorylating agent.

Usage

E101a (Riboflavin-5'-phosphate) is used as a food additive primarily as a coloring agent and nutrient supplement. It imparts a yellow-orange color to food products. It is also used to enhance the nutritional value of foods, particularly in products targeted at addressing vitamin B2 deficiency. FMN is more water-soluble than riboflavin, making it advantageous in certain applications where solubility is crucial. It is found in dairy products, cereals, sauces, and processed foods. In pharmaceutical applications, it is used in vitamin supplements and intravenous nutrition.

Side Effects

Riboflavin and its derivatives, including FMN, are generally considered safe for consumption. Riboflavin is a water-soluble vitamin, and excess amounts are typically excreted in the urine. There are no known significant adverse effects associated with high intakes of riboflavin or FMN from food sources. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated riboflavin and its derivatives and concluded that they do not pose a safety concern at the levels typically used in food. However, as with any food additive, some individuals may experience rare allergic reactions or sensitivities. No ADI has been specified due to its low toxicity.

Regulatory Status

Riboflavin-5'-phosphate (E101a) is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union (EU). It is also permitted in many other countries, including the United States, where it is generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Regulations specify the permitted uses and maximum levels in different food categories. The additive must meet purity criteria established by regulatory bodies to ensure its safety and quality.