E107 - Gelb 2G

Origin

Yellow 2G is a synthetic azo dye. It was primarily used as a food coloring agent to impart a yellow hue to various food products. It is synthesized chemically.

Usage

Yellow 2G was used to color a variety of food products, including soft drinks, sweets, and some processed foods. However, its use has been significantly restricted or banned in many countries due to safety concerns. The ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) was set at 0-0.1 mg/kg body weight by the SCF (Scientific Committee for Food) in 1975, but this was later withdrawn. It is no longer permitted for use as a food additive in the European Union, Australia and other countries.

Side Effects

Yellow 2G has been linked to potential health risks, including allergic reactions and, more seriously, the formation of aniline, a known carcinogen, through metabolic breakdown in the body. Due to these concerns, regulatory bodies have taken a precautionary approach, leading to its ban or restricted use in many regions. Specifically, the breakdown product aniline raises concerns about potential carcinogenicity. Some studies have indicated potential links to bladder cancer, although the evidence is not conclusive. Allergic reactions, such as skin rashes and respiratory problems, have also been reported in sensitive individuals.

Regulatory Status

Yellow 2G is banned as a food additive in the European Union (EU). Its use is also prohibited in Australia and several other countries. The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in the United States does not permit its use in food. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has also issued opinions regarding its safety, leading to its removal from the list of approved food additives.