E538 - Calciumferrocyanid

Origin

Calcium ferrocyanide is a synthetic compound produced by reacting calcium chloride with sodium ferrocyanide. Sodium ferrocyanide, in turn, is often produced as a byproduct of the iron and steel industry during the purification of town gas. It is a coordination complex, meaning it consists of a central iron atom surrounded by cyanide ligands and calcium ions.

Usage

E538 is used as an anticaking agent in table salt and other food products. It prevents the formation of lumps and ensures that the product remains free-flowing. The ferrocyanide ion binds to small particles of salt, preventing them from clumping together, especially in humid environments. The levels used are very low. It is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, but its use is strictly regulated to ensure safety.

Side Effects

Calcium ferrocyanide is considered safe for consumption at the levels typically used in food. The ferrocyanide complex is very stable, and it does not readily release cyanide ions under normal conditions of food processing or digestion. Studies have shown that it is poorly absorbed by the body, and any small amount that is absorbed is rapidly excreted in the urine. Regulatory bodies like the EFSA and FDA have established acceptable daily intakes (ADI) to ensure that exposure remains within safe limits. There are no known significant side effects associated with its use as an anticaking agent when used according to regulations. The ADI is not specified by JECFA, indicating low concern for toxicity at the levels used in food.

Regulatory Status

Calcium ferrocyanide (E538) is permitted as a food additive in the EU and the United States, among other regions. Its use is regulated, specifying the maximum permitted levels in certain food products, primarily salt. These regulations are in place to ensure that consumer exposure remains within safe limits. The additive is subject to ongoing review by regulatory bodies to ensure its continued safety.