E304ii - Ascorbyl stearate

Origin

Ascorbyl stearate is an ester formed from ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and stearic acid, a saturated fatty acid. It is synthesized by esterifying ascorbic acid with stearic acid, typically derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. The resulting compound is a white to yellowish-white powder.

Usage

Ascorbyl stearate is primarily used as an antioxidant in food products. It helps to prevent the oxidation of fats and oils, thereby extending the shelf life of foods and preventing rancidity. It is commonly found in vegetable oils, margarine, shortenings, and other fat-containing foods. It can also be used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals for its antioxidant properties. The typical usage levels vary depending on the application, but it is generally used in relatively small concentrations.

Side Effects

Ascorbyl stearate is generally considered safe for consumption. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient, and stearic acid is a common fatty acid found in many foods. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 'not specified' for ascorbates, meaning that at the levels used in food, it does not pose a health risk. Some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort if consumed in very large quantities, but this is rare. No significant adverse effects have been reported in scientific literature at typical usage levels. Regulatory bodies like the EFSA and FDA have approved its use in food products within specified limits.

Regulatory Status

Ascorbyl stearate (E304ii) is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the European Union (EU) and the United States. In the EU, it is listed under permitted antioxidants. In the US, it is Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices.