E161a - Flavoxanthin

Origin

Flavoxanthin is a naturally occurring carotenoid pigment. It is found in a variety of plants, including yellow buttercups (Ranunculus species). It is extracted and purified for use as a food coloring.

Usage

Flavoxanthin is used as a yellow food coloring agent. It imparts a yellow to orange-yellow hue to food products. It is used in a range of food applications, including confectionery, baked goods, dairy products, and beverages. As a carotenoid, it also possesses some antioxidant properties, although its primary function in food is as a colorant. The levels used in food are typically limited by Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to achieve the desired color effect.

Side Effects

Flavoxanthin is generally considered safe for consumption. No significant adverse health effects have been reported with its use as a food coloring agent. Carotenoids, as a class, are generally well-tolerated. However, excessive consumption of carotenoids can lead to carotenodermia, a harmless yellowing of the skin, which is reversible upon reducing intake. No ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) has been specifically established for Flavoxanthin by major regulatory bodies like EFSA or JECFA, indicating its relatively low toxicity concern. However, it is used within the general limits for food colorings.

Regulatory Status

Flavoxanthin is approved for use as a food additive in some regions, including the European Union (EU). Its use is regulated under the general regulations for food colorings, specifying purity criteria and maximum levels in certain food categories. Regulations may vary by country and region.