E284 - Borsäure

Origin

Boric acid is a naturally occurring compound found in volcanic areas and some minerals. It can also be produced synthetically. It is a weak acid of boron, typically found as colorless crystals or a white powder. Boric acid is derived from reacting borax with a strong mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid.

Usage

E284, or boric acid, is primarily used as a preservative. Its main application as a food additive is as a preservative for caviar. It inhibits the growth of bacteria, yeasts, and molds, thereby extending the shelf life of the product. Boric acid has also been used in the past for other food preservation purposes, but its use is now highly restricted due to safety concerns. It is also used in various industrial applications, such as in the production of glass, ceramics, and as an antiseptic.

Side Effects

Boric acid is considered toxic if ingested in large quantities. Acute exposure can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Chronic exposure can lead to more severe health problems, including skin irritation, kidney damage, and reproductive effects. Due to these potential health risks, the use of boric acid as a food additive is strictly regulated. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has established a Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for boron from all sources.

Regulatory Status

The use of boric acid as a food preservative is heavily restricted in many countries. In the European Union, its use is only permitted for caviar. Other countries may have different regulations regarding its use in food. It is important to check local regulations to determine the permitted uses and levels of boric acid in food products. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has evaluated boric acid and established acceptable intake levels.