E354 - Calciumtartrat

Origin

Calcium tartrate is a salt of tartaric acid, a naturally occurring organic acid found in many plants, particularly grapes. It is produced commercially by neutralizing tartaric acid with a calcium base, such as calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate. The resulting calcium tartrate can exist in different hydrated forms. It is often recovered as a byproduct of wine production, where tartaric acid precipitates as potassium bitartrate (cream of tartar) and calcium tartrate during fermentation and aging. These precipitates are then processed to isolate and purify the calcium tartrate.

Usage

In the food industry, calcium tartrate is primarily used as an acidity regulator, stabilizer, and antioxidant. It can also function as a firming agent. It is found in baked goods, processed fruits and vegetables, and some beverages. It helps to maintain the desired pH level in food products, preventing spoilage and preserving flavor. As a stabilizer, it can prevent the formation of unwanted crystals or precipitates in certain foods. It can also be used as a dough strengthener in baking. In winemaking, it can be used to control tartrate stability, preventing the formation of tartrate crystals in bottled wine.

Side Effects

Calcium tartrate is generally considered safe for consumption at levels typically used in food. Tartrates are naturally present in many fruits and vegetables that are part of a normal diet. There is no established ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) by JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) for tartaric acid salts, including calcium tartrate, because they are considered of low toxicity. However, excessive consumption of tartrates may have a laxative effect in some individuals. Individuals with kidney problems should exercise caution, as high levels of tartrates could potentially exacerbate their condition. Allergic reactions to tartrates are rare but possible. If any adverse reactions are suspected, consumption should be discontinued, and a healthcare professional should be consulted.

Regulatory Status

Calcium tartrate (E354) is permitted for use as a food additive in many countries, including those in the European Union. Its use is regulated by specific food additive regulations, which specify the foods in which it can be used and the maximum permitted levels. The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in the United States also recognizes calcium tartrate as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. The specific regulations and permitted uses may vary from country to country, so it is important to consult local food additive regulations for detailed information.