E450vii - Calciumdihydrogendiphosphat

Origin

Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate, also known as calcium acid pyrophosphate, is an inorganic salt derived from calcium and pyrophosphoric acid. It is produced synthetically by reacting calcium compounds with phosphoric acid or its salts under controlled conditions. The resulting product is a white crystalline powder.

Usage

Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate functions primarily as a leavening agent, buffering agent, and sequestrant in food products. As a leavening agent, it reacts with baking soda to release carbon dioxide, contributing to the rise and texture of baked goods such as cakes, muffins, and biscuits. It is also used in processed cheeses to control pH and improve texture. As a sequestrant, it binds to metal ions, preventing discoloration and off-flavors in processed foods. It can also be found in meat products to improve water retention and texture. The typical usage levels vary depending on the application, but are generally within the range of 0.1% to 1% by weight.

Side Effects

Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory bodies like the FDA when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for phosphates, including calcium dihydrogen diphosphate, as a group, considering the total dietary intake of phosphates. Excessive consumption of phosphates can potentially disrupt calcium homeostasis and may lead to adverse effects, particularly in individuals with kidney dysfunction. However, at levels typically used in food, the risk of adverse effects is considered low for the general population.

Regulatory Status

Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the United States, the European Union, and Canada. In the EU, it is designated as E450(vii). Regulations specify the permitted uses and maximum levels in various food categories. Compliance with these regulations ensures the safety and appropriate use of this additive in food products.