E905c - Cire de pétrole

Origin

Petroleum wax, also known as microcrystalline wax, is derived from petroleum refining processes. It is obtained from the de-oiling of petroleum fractions and subsequent refining steps to remove impurities and undesirable components. The resulting wax is a complex mixture of saturated hydrocarbons, primarily branched and cyclic alkanes with a high molecular weight.

Usage

In the food industry, petroleum wax (E905c) is primarily used as a coating agent to provide a protective layer on various food products. It helps to retain moisture, prevent spoilage, and enhance the appearance of fruits, vegetables, and confectionery items. It is also used in the manufacturing of chewing gum base and as a component of protective coatings for cheese. The wax provides a barrier against moisture loss and microbial contamination, extending the shelf life of the food product. Specific applications include coating apples, citrus fruits, and candies to improve their visual appeal and prevent them from drying out. It is also used as a defoaming agent in some food processing applications.

Side Effects

Petroleum wax is generally considered safe for use in food applications when used according to good manufacturing practices and within established regulatory limits. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has evaluated petroleum wax and established an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 'not specified', meaning that, based on available data, the intake of petroleum wax at the levels necessary to achieve the desired technological effect in food does not represent a health concern. However, some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal discomfort if they consume large quantities of wax. The wax is largely indigestible and is excreted from the body. Allergic reactions are rare but possible.

Regulatory Status

Petroleum wax (E905c) is approved for use as a food additive in many countries, including the United States and the European Union. Regulatory bodies such as the FDA (in the US) and EFSA (in the EU) have established specifications for the purity and quality of petroleum wax used in food applications. These regulations ensure that the wax is free from harmful contaminants and meets specific standards for safety and quality. In the EU, the use of E905c is subject to specific conditions and limitations, as outlined in Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 on food additives.