E173 - Aluminium

Origin

Aluminium (E173) is a metallic element that is naturally abundant in the Earth's crust. As a food additive, it is used in the form of a fine powder. It is produced through the electrolysis of alumina, which is derived from bauxite ore.

Usage

E173 is primarily used as a silver-colored food coloring. Its main application is for surface decoration of confectionery, cakes, and pastries. It provides a metallic sheen or glittery effect. Due to concerns about aluminium toxicity, its use is limited in many countries. It is not intended for general coloring of food products but rather for decorative purposes where only small amounts are ingested. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has re-evaluated the safety of aluminium from all sources, including food additives.

Side Effects

Concerns about aluminium toxicity have led to restrictions on its use as a food additive. High levels of aluminium exposure have been linked to neurotoxicity, bone problems, and anaemia. Aluminium can accumulate in the body, particularly in the brain, bones, and kidneys. While the amount of aluminium ingested from E173 is typically small, cumulative exposure from various sources (food, water, medications, cosmetics) is a concern. EFSA has established a Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) for aluminium. It is important to note that individuals with kidney problems may be more susceptible to aluminium toxicity.

Regulatory Status

The use of E173 is regulated in many countries. In the European Union, its use is permitted only for specific applications, such as the surface coloring of confectionery and decorations on cakes. The permitted levels are strictly controlled. The EFSA has issued opinions on the safety of aluminium and has set a TWI. Regulations vary in other parts of the world, with some countries having stricter limits or banning its use altogether. Consumers should check local regulations and product labels to be informed about the presence of E173.