E155 - Brun chocolat HT

Origin

Brown HT (E155) is a synthetic brown diazo dye. It is created through chemical synthesis and is not naturally occurring. It's primarily composed of disodium 4,4'-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-phenylenebis(azo))dinaphthalene-1-sulphonate.

Usage

Brown HT is used as a food coloring to impart a brown hue to various food products. It is commonly found in chocolate-flavored cakes, biscuits, gravies, sauces, and dairy products. It is also used in non-food applications such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The primary purpose is aesthetic, enhancing the visual appeal of the product. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) established by EFSA is 1.5 mg/kg body weight per day.

Side Effects

While generally considered safe within the established ADI, some individuals may experience adverse reactions. Brown HT has been associated with allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. There have been reports linking it to skin rashes, itching, and, in rare cases, more severe allergic responses. Some studies have suggested a potential link between artificial food colorings, including Brown HT, and hyperactivity in children, although this remains a subject of ongoing research and debate. It is important to note that regulatory bodies like EFSA and the FDA have evaluated the available evidence and consider Brown HT safe for use in food when used within permitted levels.

Regulatory Status

Brown HT is approved for use as a food additive in the European Union (EU) and several other countries. However, its use is restricted or banned in some regions, including the United States. In the EU, it is subject to specific purity criteria and labeling requirements. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has re-evaluated the safety of Brown HT and established an ADI. Food products containing Brown HT must be labeled accordingly to inform consumers about its presence.